THE APPLICATION
The report about rezultatatah metrological certification of a source postjannogo an electric current
1 URGENCY OF CERTIFICATION
For an estimation of values of parametres of function R (t) electric resistance the analogue-digital conversion pay La - нІОМбРС І, working as a part of the personal computer, intended for transformation of continuous (analogue) arrival signals to a numeric code is used.
For adaptation of a pay to problems of experimental researches the measuring converter in the form of the current source has been designed and made, allowing to carry out transformation of resistance to voltage. The current source is executed on the basis of bipolar, maloshumjashchego a file of transistors THAT320P14-U. He allows to gain a stable electric current force 10 ma. For the purpose of raise of reliability of stabilisation of value of a current the source is environmentproofed (agencies of electromagnetic and thermal fields, mechanical blows and vibrations) by removal from the mechanical test-bed, shielding and thermostatting. The basic demand to a source is stability of maintenance of a current in the set range at change of resistance of loading in the range from 0,1 to 5 Ohm. The converter is equipped by a chain of electric protection.
Thus, for raise of reliability of results of experimental researches it is necessary to secure stability of values of an electric current, that is to define its valid value and limiting values of a relative lapse of the current source. For the task in view solution metrological certification of the current source (in a static operating mode) with use of universal remedies of measurement and exemplary resistance measures is spent.
2 MEASURING EQUIPMENT
At certification of the current source by means of the stand the following equipment was used:
- The current source (installation of certification);
- Exemplary resistance measure R 3026 (a range of change of electric resistance: 0,01...1 ∙105Ом;
- Constant-voltage source VIP-010;
- The device combined digital SHCH 301-1;
- Set of exemplary resistors with rating values of resistance 0,2, 0,3, 0,4, 0,5, 0,6, 0,7, 0,8, 0,9, 1,0 MOm and the tolerance δ = ±0,5 %.
3 TECHNIQUE OF CERTIFICATION
The technique of certification of the current source consists in the following.
1 Collect the electric chain consisting of consistently connected constant-voltage source, the current source and a resistance measure (or the exemplary resistor). To in parallel resistance measure connect device SHCH 301-1 measuring an anode drop on a resistance measure.
2 Install value of an electric current I = 10 ma. For this purpose on a resistance measure instal value of resistance R = 0,1 clod and, smoothly controlling voltage of a source (U ≈ 12), fix the moment, in which device SHCH 301-1 will show value of voltage U = 0,1 Century
3 Consistently instal values of resistance of a resistance measure and exemplary resistors it agree to data of table Ж.1. For each value of resistance by means of device SHCH 301-1 spend repeated measurements (on 10 readout) anode drops on a resistance measure.
4 For each value of resistance find average arithmetical value of an anode drop and its root-mean-square deviation.
5 On the gained experimental data build the calibration characteristic of the current source and define its relative lapse.
4 EXPERIMENTAL DATA
The experimental data gained at conducting of certification of a source of an electric current, are presented in table Ж.1.
5 RESULTS OF CERTIFICATION
On the gained experimental data by means of a method of least squares the calibration characteristic of a source of the electric current, shown on drawing Ж.1 is builted.
Drawing Ж.1 - the Schedule of the calibration characteristic of the current source
On the basis of the schedule of drawing Ж.1 and data of table Ж.1 the greatest possible relative lapse preobrazovanija by the current source of electric resistance Rв voltage U is defined:
Where Up, Uh - the settlement and measured values of voltage.
The lapse δι to current stabilisation will be equal to a lapse δ as in the capacity of resistance were used the exemplary resistors which lapses are negligiblely small in comparison with a current source lapse.
Lapse δ1стабилизации an electric current over the range resistance R ∈ [1. 10] the Ohm in the current source has made δ1 ≈ 4 %, at R ∈ (10. 100] the Ohm - δ1 ≈ 2 % that satisfies conditions conductings of experimental researches of the active electric resistance which are in area R ∈ [1. 10] the Ohm.
Table Ж.1 - Experimental data
Value soprotivl enija, the Ohm | Value of an anode drop, mv | |||||||||||
Readout | Estimations | |||||||||||
U1 | U2 | U3 | U4 | U5 | U6 | U7 | U8 | U9 | U10 | U | συ | |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | |
0,1 | 2,1б | 2,1б | 2,1б | 2,15 | 2,17 | 2,15 | 2,15 | 2,1б | 2,1б | 2,15 | 2,1б | 4,5 ∙ 10-5 |
0,2 | 3,13 | 3,12 | 3,11 | 3,11 | 3,13 | 3,11 | 3,11 | 3,12 | 3,11 | 3,13 | 3,12 | 8,4 ∙ 10-5 |
0,3 | 4,1б | 4,1б | 4,1б | 4,1б | 4,1б | 4,15 | 4,1б | 4,1б | 4,15 | 4,17 | 4,1б | 3,2 ∙ 10-5 |
0,4 | 5,12 | 5,12 | 5,13 | 5,12 | 5,12 | 5,12 | 5,11 | 5,12 | 5,13 | 5,12 | 5,12 | 3,2 ∙ 10-5 |
0,5 | 1б | 15 | 1б | 1б | 1б | 15 | 1б | 17 | 1б | 1б | 1б | 3,2 ∙ 10-5 |
0, | 7,12 | 7,12 | 7,13 | 7,12 | 7,12 | 7,11 | 7,11 | 7,12 | 7,12 | 7,12 | 7,12 | 3,2 ∙ 10-5 |
0,7 | 8,4 | 8,4 | 8,4 | 8,4 | 8,3 | 8,4 | 8,5 | 8,5 | 8,4 | 8,4 | 8,4 | 3,2 ∙ 10-3 |
0,8 | 9,3 | 9,4 | 9,4 | 9,4 | 9,5 | 9,4 | 9,4 | 9,5 | 9,4 | 9,4 | 9,4 | 3,2 ∙ 10-3 |
0,9 | 10,5 | 10,4 | 10,5 | 10,4 | 10,4 | 10,4 | 10,4 | 10,3 | 10,4 | 10,4 | 10,4 | 3,2 ∙ 10-3 |
1 | 11,4 | 11,4 | 11,4 | 11,5 | 11,3 | 11,3 | 11,4 | 11,4 | 11,4 | 11,4 | 11,4 | 3,2 ∙ 10-3 |
2 | 21,5 | 21, | 21, | 21, | 21, | 21,7 | 21, | 21,7 | 21, | 21, | 21, | 3,2 ∙ 10-3 |
3 | 31,5 | 31,5 | 31, | 31, | 31, | 31,7 | 31,7 | 31, | 31, | 31, | 31, | 4,4 ∙ 10-3 |
4 | 40,8 | 40,8 | 40,8 | 40,9 | 40,7 | 40,8 | 40,8 | 40,9 | 40,8 | 40,8 | 40,8 | 3,2 ∙ 10-3 |
5 | 51,1 | 51,2 | 51,2 | 51,2 | 51,2 | 51,3 | 51,1 | 51,2 | 51,2 | 51,2 | 51,2 | 3,2 ∙ 10-3 |
б0,8 | б0,8 | б0,7 | б0,8 | б0,8 | б0,8 | б0,9 | б0,8 | б0,8 | б0,8 | б0,8 | 2,2 ∙ 10-3 | |
7 | 70,4 | 70,4 | 70,4 | 70,3 | 70,4 | 70,4 | 70, | 70,5 | 70,4 | 70,4 | 70,4 | 2 ∙ 10-3 |
8 | 79,9 | 80 | 79,9 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80,1 | 80 | 80,1 | 80 | 80 | 4,4 ∙ 10-3 |
Continuation of table Ж.1
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 |
9 | 90,1 | 90,1 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 89,9 | 89,8 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 7,6 ∙ 10 ’ 3 |
10 | 100,1 | 100,1 | 100 | 100,1 | 100 | 99,9 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99,9 | 100 | 5,4 10 ^3 |
20 | 204 | 204,2 | 204,1 | 204 | 204 | 204 | 204,1 | 204,2 | 204 | 204 | 204 | 7,1 ∙10^3 |
30 | 304 | 304,1 | 304 | 304,2 | 304 | 304 | 304,1 | 304 | 304 | 304 | 304 | 4,8 ∙10^3 |
40 | 400,1 | 400,1 | 400 | 400,2 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 400,2 | 400 | 400 | 400 | 7,1 ∙10^3 |
50 | 504,1 | 504,2 | 504 | 504 | 504 | 504 | 504,2 | 504 | 504 | 504,1 | 504 | 7,1 ∙10^3 |
60 | 600 | 600,1 | 600,2 | 600 | 600 | 600 | 600,2 | 600 | 600 | 600 | 600 | 7,2 ∙10^3 |
70 | 696,1 | 696 | 696 | 696,3 | 695,8 | 696 | 696 | 696 | 696,1 | 696 | 696 | 1,56 ∙10^2 |
80 | 820,3 | 820,1 | 819,9 | 820 | 820 | 820 | 820 | 820,1 | 820 | 820 | 820 | 1,15 ∙10^2 |
90 | 920 | 920,3 | 920 | 920 | 920 | 920,1 | 920,2 | 920 | 920 | 920 | 920 | 1,15 ∙10^2 |
100 | 1000,4 | 1000,1 | 1000 | 999,8 | 999,9 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 1000 | 2,4 ∙10^2 |
200 | 2000,2 | 1999,8 | 2000,1 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000,2 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 2000 | 1,35 ∙10^2 |
300 | 3040 | 3040,2 | 3040 | 3040,1 | 3039,8 | 3040 | 3040 | 3040,2 | 3040 | 3040 | 3040 | 1,35 ∙10^2 |
400 | 3920,2 | 3920 | 3920,3 | 3920 | 3920 | 3920 | 3920,1 | 3920 | 3920 | 3920 | 3920 | 1,15 ∙10^2 |
500 | 4960 | 4960,2 | 4959,8 | 4960 | 4960 | 4960,2 | 4960 | 4960 | 4960 | 4960 | 4960 | 1,3 10 2 |
600 | 6000,1 | 6000,2 | 6000 | 5999,7 | 6000 | 6000,1 | 6000 | 6000,2 | 5999,9 | 6000 | 6000 | 2,18 ∙10^2 |
700 | 6880 | 6880,2 | 6880,2 | 6879,8 | 6879,9 | 6880 | 6880 | 6880,1 | 6880 | 6880 | 6880 | 1,5 10 2 |
800 | 8000,1 | 8000,2 | 8000 | 8000 | 8000 | 7999,8 | 8000 | 8000,3 | 8000 | 8000 | 8000 | 1,9 10 ^2 |
900 | 9000 | 9000,2 | 8999,9 | 8999,9 | 8999,8 | 9000 | 9000 | 9000 | 9000 | 9000 | 9000 | 1,06 ∙10^2 |
1000 | 9800,1 | 9800 | 9800 | 9800,2 | 9799,8 | 9799,8 | 9800 | 9800 | 9800,2 | 9800 | 9800 | 1,9 10 ^2 |
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