the Functional answer and reserve possibilities stress-limiting of systems at chastobolejushchih teenagers.

Catarrhal diseases, repeated infections of an ear, a throat, a nose, acute and chronic bronholegochnye infections make the basic list of diseases in

children's age. Population of teenagers at which thus increases frequent respiratory diseases basically because of transitional deviations and age features of immune system of a children's organism with high risk of development chronic diseases [Zemskov A.

M, Zemskov V. M, Zoloedov V. I, etc., 2002 become perceptible; Markova Etc., Chuvirov D.G., 2002]. Are established difficult reguljatornye mutual relations as a feedback between interlejkinom-1 (��-1) and

glucocorticoid hormones, and itself ��-1 possesses direct action on gipotalamo - nejrogipofizarnuju system, causing activation of adrenocorticotropic function of a pituitary body with participation of adrenergic systems [Zemskov A.M., Zemskov V. M, Zoloedov V. I, etc., 2002]. The activating effect of glucocorticoids on a condition of a fermental complex with NADRN (nikotinamidadenindinukleotid Natrii phosphas)-oksidazoj membranes of phagocytes [Clark R.A is shown also., Leidal K.G.P., Pearson D.W., Nauseef W.M. 1987]. predpolaetsja, that rising of activity NaDrN-oksidazy, inducing production augmentation superoksidnogo aniona (and others AFK, in particular gidroperoksida), modulates effect gljukortikoidov on a condition of immune system [Clark R.A., Leidal

K. G.P., Pearson D.W., Nauseef W.M. 1987; Gardner A.M., Xu F.H., Fady C., et al., 1997]. Also that, that the AFK-DEPENDENT effect underlies the gljukortikoid-induced apoptosis of lymphocytes at stressful influences [Clark R.A., Leidal K.G.P., Pearson D.W., Nauseef W.M. 1987; Gardner A.M., Xu F.H., Fady C., et al., 1997; Hassan H.M., Schrum

L V., 1994]. In this connection in work there was a task in view to study a role of augmentation of activity NADN - and NADRN-OKSIDAZ-DEPENDENT formation AFK in glkokortikoid - the induced apoptosis of lymphocytes at teenagers at ORVI.

In group with ORVI disturbances of the immune status in the form of depression of a cellular link, disbalansa T-helperov and T-supressorov (tab. 11) are taped. Unlike control group of practically healthy teenagers in acute period ORVI, depression of level of T-cages and �D4 ⁺ whereas at the first the tendency to augmentation of level �D4 (T-helperov) becomes perceptible at normal level T-supressorov (tab. 11) is observed.

It is shown, that at ORVI (stress-factor) at teenagers decreases maintenance NADF and the maintenance of its restored form (tab. 12) increases. It conducts to sharp depression of a redox potential, that in a combination to depression of the maintenance of key enzyme of a chain of carrying over of electrons, cytochrome with, specifies in disturbances in system of use of oxygen in the cascade of reactions of formation of the basic energy source in a cell - ATF. As own, and in even larger
degrees dexamethasone-induced NaDrN-oksidaznaja activity of lymphocytes (tab. 13) simultaneously increases. Thus dexamethasone-induced activity NaDfN-oksidazy exceeds own activity in control group in 1,7 times, and in group of teenagers with ORVI in 3 times.

Noted shifts in system energoobrazovanija are interfaced to disturbances of reserve possibilities of system of antioxidatic protection, and especially its enzymatic link. Activity of key enzyme of system of antioxidatic protection - SOD raises SOD in 3 times, and enzyme neutralised gidroperoksidnyj anion, catalases, in 4 times.

However, there are all bases to consider, that such compensatory rising of activity of enzymes of antioxidatic protection, in reply to raised formation AFK at ORVI is, not enough, as an apoptosis of lymphocytes, despite it, also is accelerated. It has appeared, that rate of �destruction of mitochondrions (mitoptoz) lymphocytes of blood of patients ORVI under the influence of MTT much more, than in case of lymphocytes of practically healthy patients. And the quantity of teleorganic lymphocytes decreases under the influence of dexamethasone and is substantially stopped under the influence of introduction of an exogenous catalase in concentration of 100 U/ml in 4 hours of an incubation. In case of lymphocytes of teenagers with ORVI, despite rising of activity of an endogenous catalase, concentration of exogenous enzyme at which there is a significant inhibition mitoptoza in 2,7 times surpasses that in lymphocytes of practically healthy teenagers, and begins not in 4 hours of an incubation with a catalase, and in 6 hours. Moreover, it has appeared, that introduction NADR in concentration of lymphocytes of 10 mmol/ml restores a redox potential of lymphocytes and inhibits a dksametazon-induced apoptosis of cells in much larger degree and already through 30 mines after an incubation with suspension of lymphocytes, than a catalase.

Table 11. A condition of immune system and system of power maintenance of lymphocytes at often ill children and teenagers

the Indicator/group

Practically

the healthy

not often ill

often ill

Leucocytes, 10 ⁹/l	6,9�0,8	7,1�1,1	5,3�0,8
Lymphocytes, 10 ⁹/l	3,5�0,4	4,1�0,5	3,0�0,4
�D3 ⁺, 10 ⁹/l	2,35�0,25	2,24�0,21	1,67�0,15
�D4 ⁺, 10 ⁹/l	1,25�0,15	1,4�0,2	1,43�0,08
�D8 ⁺, 10 ⁹/l	0,9�0,1	0,94�0,06	0,83�0,08
�D16 ⁺, 10 ⁹/l	0,51�0,04	0,52�0,05	0,49�0,05
�D4 ⁺/SD8 ⁺,	1,4�0,1	1,48�0,09	*** l 1,72�0,12 #
�D72 ⁺, 10 ⁹/l	15,4�0,6	16,7�0,5	17,5�0,8

the Note: * - comparison of differences between two groups, one sign the importance of differences of averages - < 0,05, two - < 0,01, three - < 0,001.

Table 12. A condition of system of power maintenance of lymphocytes at often ill children and teenagers

the Indicator/group	Practically healthy	it is not frequent ill	often ill
NADF, nmol/ml	17,6�1,2	17,0�0,6	16,7�1,1
NADFN, nmol/ml	18,9�1,2	19,4�0,8	22,7�1,6
NADF/NADFN	0,94�0,05	0,88�0,04	*** l 0,74�0,07 #
Cytochrome with, nmol/ml	0,75�0,06	0,71�0,04	0,63�0,05
tsitohromoksidaza, nmol/ml	0,65�0,05	0,61�0,04	0,60�0,05
ATF, ��/10 ³ cells	5,1�0,3	4,9�0,2	3,85�0,4 ***
ADF, ��/10 ³ cells	2,1�0,5	2,3�0,2	2,65�0,12 ***
ATF/ADF	2,4�0,5	2,1�0,2	1,45�0,15 *** ##

the Note: * - comparison of differences between two groups, one sign the importance of differences of averages - < 0,05, two - < 0,01, three - < 0,001.

Table 13. A condition of system of antioxidatic protection and NaDfN-oksidaznoj activity of lymphocytes at teenagers at ORVI.

the Indicator/group	practically healthy	ORVI
NaDrN-oksidaznaja activity	265�23	289�12 *
Dexamethasone-induced NADN - oksidaznaja activity	415�24	561�32 ^*
the Catalase, �2�2 ^- ml / mines	3,2�0,2	13,4�0,6 ***
Mn��, usl.ed.	2,1�0,2	6,8�0,9 ***

the Note: * - comparison of differences between two groups, one sign the importance of differences of averages - < 0,05, two - < 0,01, three - < 0,001.

Thus, activation NaDn-oksidazy of a membrane of cells and lymphocytes, in particular, taped under dejstveim dexamethasone, apparently, underlies rising of rate of an apoptosis at infectious-inflammatory processes. Thus maintenance of a redox potential of lymphocytes, apparently, is one of key sensory mechanisms of inhibition of acceleration of the cascade of an apoptosis.

High reguljatornoe interface of functioning respiratory chains of mitochondrions, systems of antioxidatic protection and immunologic mechanisms becomes one of the basic targets of a lesion at acute respiratory infections at teenagers. The activating effect of glucocorticoids on activity NaDfN-oksidazy of a membrane of the lymphocytes responsible for rising of formation superoksidnogo of a radical in cells is shown. Activity rising NADFN - oksidazy, inducing production augmentation superoksidnogo aniona (and others AFK, in particular gidroperoksida), conducts to shifts in a condition of immune system and to apoptosis acceleration.

the assumption is come out, that the AFK-DEPENDENT effect underlies the gljukortikoid-induced apoptosis of lymphocytes at stressful influences. The conclusion is drawn, that the hyperproduction gidroperoksidnogo aniona, taped in lymphocytes under vozdejstveim dexamethasone and hyperactivation NaDn-oksidazy at
ORVI underlies rising of rate of an apoptosis at infectious-inflammatory processes. Thus maintenance of a redox potential of lymphocytes, apparently, is one of key sensory mechanisms in inhibition of process of acceleration of apoptotic processes.

At all CHBD disturbances of the immune status in the form of depression of a cellular link, disbalansa x��p�� and c��p�cc�p��, oppressions of development Ig And and ��p�p�� Ig are taped

M. At studying of factors of local immunity at CHB children and teenagers depression of the maintenance secretory IgA in a saliva (15,4�0,8 mg of %) in comparison with seldom ill children (23,1�1,9 mg of %, �< is taped; 0,01). Level and activity of a lysozyme in a nasal secret (at CHB - 21,4�0,6 mkg/ml, at seldom ill - 25,6�0,7 mkg/ml, �< is a little lowered; 0,05). Level IgA and its bracing on mucosas is considered the most important factor providing resistance to infections. Depression of synthesis IgA and a lysozyme specifies in an immunodeficiency in system of local immunity at the given category of patients. Research of functional activity nejtrofilnyh leucocytes in the NST-TEST shows depression of the given indicator (spontaneous activity - 4,5�1,4 %; activated - 20,2�2,8 %; at seldom ill children 8,2�1,8 % and disimmunoglobulinemija it is taped at 75,9 % of children. At 21 % of children and teenagers depression of absolute quantity V-limfotsitov is noted.

It is shown, that at CHB teenagers, despite doubtful depression of maintenance NADF and its restored form NADFN, redoks the potential of system of power maintenance decreases (tab. 12). Simultaneously in lymphocytes

the maintenance of key enzyme of a chain oxidising fosofrilirovanija in mitochondrions decreases - cytochrome with whereas the maintenance tsitohromoksidazy does not change (tsitohromoksidaza cytochrome is steadier to gipoksicheskim and to other influences, than. It has appeared, that between depression of the maintenance of cytochrome with, redoks potential NADF/NADFN and rising immunoreguljatornogo an index there is a negative plural correlation interrelation (R 6,8, �< 0,005). Redox potential depression in a combination to depression of key enzyme of a chain of carrying over of electrons, cytochrome with, specifies in disturbances in system of use of oxygen in the cascade of reactions of formation of the basic energy source in a cell - ATF in mitohodrijah lymphocytes. As a result maintenance ATF in lymphocytes CHB of teenagers in first two weeks after transferred ORVI remains lowered on 21 %. Moreover, parity ATF/ADF moves towards dinucleotide (tab. 12), that also specifies in disturbance of processes of synthesis ATF in lymphocytes. The received results prove
application of the pharmacological agents referred on cupping of development of biopower insufficiency at often ill children and teenagers.

2.2.5.

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Scientific source INGA MAMUCHISHVILI. INTERRELATION STRESS-INDUCED of DISTURBANCES In nejrogumoralnoj to SYSTEM And SYSTEM of POWER SUPPLY At TEENAGERS. The DISSERTATION on competition of a scientific degree of the doctor of medical sciences. Tbilisi - 2006. 2006

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