1.2. Epidemiologija constipations at children.

The constipation is a frequent pathology at children, its frequency fluctuates from 0,3 to 8 % in children's population, meets at 3 - 5 % of children from among references to the pediatrist of the general practice and at 25 % of children who have addressed to the children's gastroenterologist [100].

For last decade in the USA frequency of occurrence of constipations among all population was enlarged in 4 times, the greatest number of references to the doctor is fixed at children aged till 15 years, has been written out 5,4 million prescriptions with the diagnosis "constipation" [97]. By results of six-monthly observation over 482 children at the age of 4-17 years (USA) it has been taped, that 22,6 % from them suffer constipations, at 4,4 % it becomes perceptible kalomazanie which in 95 % of cases is bound to constipations [117].

Until recently was considered, that the constipation concerns illnesses of the developed countries of the world. However the researches spent to Asia, have taped equally high prevalence of a constipation among the population both Asian, and the European states. As a result of the research spent in Sri Lanka, it has been taped, that at children at the age of 10-16 years constipations (by the Roman criteria III) are diagnosed in 10,6 % of cases [133]. In other research spent in Japan, prevalence of constipations has made 18,5 % [110].

According to the results of researches spent in the Russian Federation in 2006 - 2007 of, frequency of constipations at children has made 25-30 % [31, 48]. By data mnogotsentrovogo researches in Federal districts of Russia (2011г.) the chronic constipation (by the Roman criteria III) has been diagnosed in 53 %, the greatest frequency of occurrence of a pathology became perceptible among children of the senior school age (56 %) [73].

The cited data testify to an accruing problem of a constipation among children of all world.

1.3.