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concept of a combustion and a burn disease

The combustion is one of kinds of the trauma arising at dejstyovii on a tissue of an organism of a heat (electromagnetic radiation, incendiary admixtures, a flame, a steam, boiled water), agressivyonyh chemical substances, an electric current and an ionising radiation (the scheme 36, 37; tab.

43).

The scheme 36

Classification of combustions by an aetiology

Table 43

Clinical implications of combustions

Depth of a combustion Clinical implications
I The diffuse dermahemia, the expressed morbidity, slayobyj a cutaneous dropsy, is not present bubbles
II Bubble not strained, with transparent yellowish zhidkoyostju, a hyperemia round a bubble, an edema of surrounding tissues the appreciable. At bubble putting off - a bottom wet, pink, with the expressed morbidity at a touch

Depth of a combustion Clinical implications
III AND And. A bubble large, strained, with contents of nasyyoshchenno-yellow colour. At bubble putting off - a bottom wet, pink, morbidity at a touch is not expressed.

. The grey-brown thin scab can be formed. Thus the dermahemia round a scab and an edema okruzhajuyoshchih tissues weak, morbidity is not expressed

III And. A bubble with hemorrhagic contents. At putting off puyozyrja a bottom dry, dim, belesovatoe with mottled risunyokom. Sensitivity of a bottom of a wound is absent.

. A dark dense scab, morbidity it is lost, the edema and a hyperemia of surrounding tissues are not expressed

IV Black, thick, dense scab, morbidity it is lost, the edema and a hyperemia are not expressed

For definition of the area of combustions there is a number of ways. The most widespread - a rule of the nine and a palm rule (fig. 1).

Burn disease (ABOUT) — the original nosological form caused by a burn trauma, characterised by formation of a critical condition in an organism postradavsheyogo with development of a syndrome of multiorgan insufficiency and vyrayozhajushchajasja in a complex of changes of internal organs and systems oryoganizma (tab. 44).

Fig. 1. A rule of the nine and a palm rule

Conditions of occurrence of a burn disease

The age period of the person Depth of a combustion
Поверхностные* The deep
Adults ≥ 30 % of the area of a body ≥ 10 % of the area of a body
Children, old men ≥ 10 % of the area of a body ≥ 5 % of the area of a body

* - Thus I degree of a combustion usually is not considered.

Burn disease development is explained by pathogenesis theories (the scheme 38).

The scheme 38

Theories of a pathogenesis of a burn disease

In a burn disease current allocate the periods, in frameworks peyoriodov the general syndromes and organopatologicheskie izyomenenija (the scheme 39) are described.

The scheme 39

Clinical implications of a burn disease


4.2.

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Scientific source Bova A. A [etc.]. Field medical therapy. A practical work: studies. The grant / A.A.Bova [etc.]; under the editorship of A.A.Bova. - Minsk: BGMU, 2009 . - 178 with.. 2009

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