concept of a combustion and a burn disease
The combustion is one of kinds of the trauma arising at dejstyovii on a tissue of an organism of a heat (electromagnetic radiation, incendiary admixtures, a flame, a steam, boiled water), agressivyonyh chemical substances, an electric current and an ionising radiation (the scheme 36, 37; tab.
43).The scheme 36
Classification of combustions by an aetiology
Table 43
Clinical implications of combustions
Depth of a combustion | Clinical implications |
I | The diffuse dermahemia, the expressed morbidity, slayobyj a cutaneous dropsy, is not present bubbles |
II | Bubble not strained, with transparent yellowish zhidkoyostju, a hyperemia round a bubble, an edema of surrounding tissues the appreciable. At bubble putting off - a bottom wet, pink, with the expressed morbidity at a touch |
Depth of a combustion | Clinical implications |
III AND | And. A bubble large, strained, with contents of nasyyoshchenno-yellow colour. At bubble putting off - a bottom wet, pink, morbidity at a touch is not expressed. . The grey-brown thin scab can be formed. Thus the dermahemia round a scab and an edema okruzhajuyoshchih tissues weak, morbidity is not expressed |
III | And. A bubble with hemorrhagic contents. At putting off puyozyrja a bottom dry, dim, belesovatoe with mottled risunyokom. Sensitivity of a bottom of a wound is absent. . A dark dense scab, morbidity it is lost, the edema and a hyperemia of surrounding tissues are not expressed |
IV | Black, thick, dense scab, morbidity it is lost, the edema and a hyperemia are not expressed |
For definition of the area of combustions there is a number of ways. The most widespread - a rule of the nine and a palm rule (fig. 1).
Burn disease (ABOUT) — the original nosological form caused by a burn trauma, characterised by formation of a critical condition in an organism postradavsheyogo with development of a syndrome of multiorgan insufficiency and vyrayozhajushchajasja in a complex of changes of internal organs and systems oryoganizma (tab. 44).
Fig. 1. A rule of the nine and a palm rule
Conditions of occurrence of a burn disease
The age period of the person | Depth of a combustion | |
Поверхностные* | The deep | |
Adults | ≥ 30 % of the area of a body | ≥ 10 % of the area of a body |
Children, old men | ≥ 10 % of the area of a body | ≥ 5 % of the area of a body |
* - Thus I degree of a combustion usually is not considered.
Burn disease development is explained by pathogenesis theories (the scheme 38).
The scheme 38
Theories of a pathogenesis of a burn disease
In a burn disease current allocate the periods, in frameworks peyoriodov the general syndromes and organopatologicheskie izyomenenija (the scheme 39) are described.
The scheme 39
Clinical implications of a burn disease
4.2.
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