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6.1. Classification of combustions by depth of a lesion

Superficial combustions are classified on degrees:

I degrees: reddening and a cutaneous dropsy;

II degrees: on the amazed sites of a skin bubbles, zapolyonennye transparent, yellowish colour are formed by a liquid.

IIIa degrees: a derma lesion at which remain it rostkoyovye elements.

Deep combustions independently do not heal and demand operative treatment. Distinguish deep combustions:

SHb degrees: the skin necrosis extends on all its depth.

IV degrees: are characterised by a necrosis not only skins, but also glubyozhelezhashchih tissues — muscles, bones, tendons, joints.

The combustion area frequently has crucial importance for an outcome zaboyolevanija. On the average combustions to 10 % of a surface of a body, as a rule, proteyokajut as a local lesion. At combustions more than 10 % are observed mnoyozhestvennye disturbances in work of organs and the systems which set it is accepted to name a burn disease.

For definition of the area of a combustion at the limited lesions use «a palm rule». As the area of a palm of the person priyoblizitelno is peer 1 % of a surface of its body, quantity ukladyvajuyo
shchihsja on a surface of a combustion of palms of the victim corresponds proyotsentu to the amazed area.

At definition of the area of extensive combustions use a rule of "nine" (a drawing 2). This method is based that the area of separate parts of a body of the adult person is peer or multiple 9 % from the general surface of a body: the surface of a head and a neck make about 9 %, one top konechnoyosti — 9 %, one bottom extremity — 18 %, a forward surface of a trunk — 18 %, a back surface of a trunk — 18 %, perineums — 1 %.

Drawing 2 — the Rule of "nine"

The burn disease has the development periods:

■ a burn shock;

■ a burn toxemia;

■ a burn septicotoxemia;

■ the recover period.

Modern methods of treatment allow to change a current burn boyolezni or even to avoid development of its some periods. For example, an early surgical necretomy and autodermoplastika can weaken and truncate the period of a burn toxemia or prevent the septicotoxemia period.

6.2.

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Scientific source the Therapeutic pathology at wounded and amazed: ucheb. - a method. The grant for students 5, 6 courses of all faculties of medical high schools, doctors of the general practice, therapists, surgeons / E. G.Malaeva [etc.]. — Gomel: GomGMU, 2016 . — 80 with.. 2016

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