6.1. Classification of combustions by depth of a lesion
Superficial combustions are classified on degrees:
I degrees: reddening and a cutaneous dropsy;
II degrees: on the amazed sites of a skin bubbles, zapolyonennye transparent, yellowish colour are formed by a liquid.
IIIa degrees: a derma lesion at which remain it rostkoyovye elements.
Deep combustions independently do not heal and demand operative treatment. Distinguish deep combustions:
SHb degrees: the skin necrosis extends on all its depth.
IV degrees: are characterised by a necrosis not only skins, but also glubyozhelezhashchih tissues — muscles, bones, tendons, joints.
The combustion area frequently has crucial importance for an outcome zaboyolevanija. On the average combustions to 10 % of a surface of a body, as a rule, proteyokajut as a local lesion. At combustions more than 10 % are observed mnoyozhestvennye disturbances in work of organs and the systems which set it is accepted to name a burn disease.
For definition of the area of a combustion at the limited lesions use «a palm rule». As the area of a palm of the person priyoblizitelno is peer 1 % of a surface of its body, quantity ukladyvajuyo
shchihsja on a surface of a combustion of palms of the victim corresponds proyotsentu to the amazed area.
At definition of the area of extensive combustions use a rule of "nine" (a drawing 2). This method is based that the area of separate parts of a body of the adult person is peer or multiple 9 % from the general surface of a body: the surface of a head and a neck make about 9 %, one top konechnoyosti — 9 %, one bottom extremity — 18 %, a forward surface of a trunk — 18 %, a back surface of a trunk — 18 %, perineums — 1 %.
Drawing 2 — the Rule of "nine"
The burn disease has the development periods:
■ a burn shock;
■ a burn toxemia;
■ a burn septicotoxemia;
■ the recover period.
Modern methods of treatment allow to change a current burn boyolezni or even to avoid development of its some periods. For example, an early surgical necretomy and autodermoplastika can weaken and truncate the period of a burn toxemia or prevent the septicotoxemia period.
6.2.
Other medical related information 6.1. Classification of combustions by depth of a lesion:
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